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Bluetooth-Technology Articles


Bluetooth Glossary

(category: Bluetooth-Technology, Word count: 443)
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Below, you'll find a list of the most used terms in

Bluetooth technology. They can serve as a look up,

or to help you learn more about Bluetooth terms in

general.

2 in 1 handset

The situation where a subscriber's handset is acting

as a remote handset to a base unit that provides a

network connection.

3G

Third generation, referring to the next generation

of digital phone technology.

802.11 WLAN

A wireless LAN specification defined by the IEEE.

Access code

Each base band packet will start with an access code,

which can be one of 3 types - CAC, DAC, and IAC.

ACK

Acknowledge.

ACL

Asynchronous Connectionless Link. This is one of the

two types of data links that are defined for Bluetooth.

ACO

Authenticated Ciphering Offset.

Active mode

During the active mode, the unit will actively

participate on the channel. The master will schedule

the transmission based on traffic demands from the

different slaves.

AP

Access point.

Authentification

The process of verifying who is at the opposite end

of the link.

Authentification device

A device whose identity has been verified during the

lifetime of the current link based on the

authentification procedure.

Baseband

This describes the specification of the digital

signal processing aspect of the hardware - the

controller - which carries out the baseband

protocols.

BB

Abreviation of baseband.

BD

Bluetooth device.

BER

Bit Error Rate.

The above is more of an intro to the terms that are

used with Bluetooth. Bluetooth currently has hundreds

of devices, making it the best wireless solution in

the world. With more coming out every day, you can

bet that Bluetooth will be around for many years to

come.

If you are new to Bluetooth, the terms used can be

very helpful. There are hundreds of glossary terms

that apply to Bluetooth, many of which describe

shortcuts to common terms. You can learn a lot by

reading over the meanings, especially if you have

never used Bluetooth technology before.

Those of you who have experience with Bluetooth,

can look over the glossary of terms to brush up

on your knowledge or just check out what an unfamiliar

term actually means. Nothing is complicated with

the meanings, although they make take some getting

used to.

Once you have been around Bluetooth for a while,

you'll find yourself right at home with the terms

and meanings to the technology. All you need to do

is play around with it, and read books or manuals

whenever you get the chance. Before you know it,

you'll be a professional in the vast world of

Bluetooth wireless.

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Bluetooth Applications

(category: Bluetooth-Technology, Word count: 312)
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With Bluetooth being very popular with wireless, it's

no wonder there are many applications available for

the technology. Below, you'll find the applications

for Bluetooth.

1. Wireless networking between laptops and desktop

computers, or desktops that are in a confined space

and little bandwidth is needed.

2. Peripherals such as mice, keyboards, and printers.

3. Cell phones with Bluetooth technology have been

sold in large numbers, as they are able to connect to

computers, PDAs (Personal Data Assistant), and various

other devices. The standard also includes the

support for more powerful and longer range devices.

4. The transfer of files, images and MP3, between

mobile phones.

5. Certain MP3 players and digital cameras to

transfer files to and from computers.

6. Bluetooth technology headsets for smart phones

and cell phones.

7. Data logging equipment that transmits data to

a computer via Bluetooth technology.

8. Sony Playstation 3 and Nintendo Revolution will

both use Bluetooth technology for their wireless

controllers.

For Bluetooth, there are literally hundreds of

different applications and devices available for you

to use or purchase. As you may already know,

Bluetooth is the most popular wireless technology

in the world. It's very reliable, very dependable,

and very hard to crack into.

There are many other applications for Bluetooth in

development now, many of which plan to take the

wireless age to the next level. Video game systems

are using Bluetooth technology as well, for their

wireless controllers. This is great news for gaming

fans, as Bluetooth offers the best in wireless

data transmission.

If your curious about applications for Bluetooth

that are still in development, you can search on

the internet. You can find all sorts of information,

especially when it comes to Bluetooth. As the

future arrives, you can expect Bluetooth to bring

bigger and better things.

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Bluetooth Wireless Networking

(category: Bluetooth-Technology, Word count: 291)
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Bluetooth technology offers three different types

of defined ranges, based on output ranges. Class

1 devices are the most powerful, as they can have

up to 100 mW of power, with a regular antenna

giving them a range of around 130 - 330 feet.

The class 2 devices are lower power, offering up

to 2.5 mW of power. A regular antenna will give

them a range of around 50 - 100 feet. Class 3

devices use even less power, up to 1 mW of power

to be exact. With a regular antenna, they will

have a range of around 16 - 33 feet.

Even though you may not realize it, Bluetooth

wireless technology has never been intended for

anything other than short distance types of

communication. With Bluetooth wireless, the short

range is actually a benefit.

For one, the short range will reduce the change of

interference between your devices and those that

belong to others who are nearby. Overall, this

is a basic type of security, designed to protect

you and your devices.

Secondly, the lower power used for short range

means a longer battery life. Most Bluetooth

devices will get their power from a battery,

meaning that anything you can do to lengthen the

battery life is very important.

The wireless networking offered by Bluetooth is

actually among the best, even though it uses

short range communication. Bluetooth is used

with wireless controllers, the internet, and

even wireless headsets.

For the best in short range technology, Bluetooth

is extremely hard to beat. If you've never tried

Bluetooth before, now is the time. It's the best

with wireless networking, especially for those

who enjoy hands free talking on their cell phone.

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Connecting Many With Bluetooth

(category: Bluetooth-Technology, Word count: 303)
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Constantly evolving, the technology of Bluetooth

started off as a basic wireless connection standard

but has since then been adapted and proven with many

different uses and functions.

A good example is Bluetooth for cell phones. It

enables mobile users to connect to their hands free

headset without using wires. Bluetooth technology

will also allow mobile phone users to connect

with their hands free kit as well.

Another handy use of Bluetooth is file sharing. It

allows the sharing of files between two cell phones,

between a cell phone and computer, which makes the

sharing of files a snap. If you have a cell phone

and computer, you can easily transfer data between

the two.

Say for example you wanted to put an MP3 on your

phone from your computer you could do it easily

with Bluetooth. All you would need is a Bluetooth

adapter for your computer. It doesn't stop with the

swapping of files either,as you can use your computer

and phone to synchronise phone books, send SMS messages,

and much more.

Although Bluetooth may be dandy for cell phones,

it also comes in handy for the home office as well.

Utilizing Bluetooth is a great way to set up a

home office - two computers, a printer, and even a

scanner. They all can be connected using Bluetooth

technology with effective ranges of up to 10 meters.

The technology and devices of Bluetooth will be

around for years and years to come. As years go

by, Bluetooth will provide even better wireless

solutions for different applications. Even though

Bluetooth has a short range, it has that short

range for a reason. Bluetooth is easily the best

in wireless technology - which it continues to

prove time and time again.

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Bluetooth Profiles

(category: Bluetooth-Technology, Word count: 444)
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The profile found in Bluetooth will describe how

the technology is used. Profiles can be best

described as vertical slices through the protocol

stack. It will define options in each protocol

that are mandatory for the profile.

The profile will also define the parameter ranges

for each protocol. The concept of the profile is

used to decrease the risk of interoperability

problems between the different products. These

profiles won't normally define any additions to

the Bluetooth specification, which is why you can

add new profiles where you need them. The

Bluetooth underlying technology is the same, only

the specific method that it's used is defined.

Generally speaking, all profiles of Bluetooth are

based on the GAP (Generic Access Profile). There

are 9 profiles that fall in the GAP category, and

they are below:

1. AVRCP - Audio/Video Remote Control

Profile

2. ESDP - Extended Service Discovery Profile

3. CIP - Common ISDN Access Profile

4. PAN - Public Area Network Profile

5. HCRP - Hardcopy Cable Replacement

Profile

6. GAVDP - Generic Audio/Visual Distribution

Profile

7. A2DP - Advanced Audio Distribution Profile

8. VDP - Video Distribution Profile

9. HID - Human Interface Device Profile

To put it another way, usage models will describe

Bluetooth device applications and the associated

profiles that are used. The usage model focuses

mainly on three categories - voice/data access points,

peripheral interconnects, and PAN (Personal Area

Networking).

The voice and data access points involve connecting

computing devices to communicating devices through

a wireless link. This way, data can be transferred

in a wireless manor, without the need of cables or

other types of connectivity.

PAN is another very important usage model with

strong appeal to business customers. Bluetooth

networks are easy to set up in virtually any type

of environment. An example would be meeting

others at a trade show.

Instead of having contact information beamed via

infrared, business cards can quickly and easily be

transferred via Bluetooth wireless. The fact is

that many documents can be exchanged this very

same way - making the uses and possibilities

virtually endless.

The Bluetooth profile is very important to the

specification, as it enables you to do so much

more. You can use peripherals and devices with

the profiles, and virtually anything else that you

decide.

As Bluetooth expands and gets bigger and better,

you can count on the profiles to expand and get

even more functions. If you have experience with

Bluetooth profiles, you should know exactly what

they are and what you can do with them. If not,

all you need is a Bluetooth device - and a vivid

imagination.

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Bluetooth Specifications

(category: Bluetooth-Technology, Word count: 286)
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Below, you'll find several specifications for the

well known Bluetooth:

1. Throughout the United States and even Europe,

the range of frequency is 2,400 - 2,483.5 MHZ, with

79 1-MHz RF (radio frequency) channels. The

frequency range in Japan is 2,472 to 2,497 MHz with

23 1-MHz RF channels.

2. A data channel of Bluetooth randomly hops 1,600

times per second between the 79 RF channels.

3. Each Bluetooth channel is divided into time

slots, with each one being 625 microseconds long.

4. A Bluetooth piconet has one master and up to

seven slaves. The master will transmit in even

time slots, while the slaves will transmit in odd

time slots.

5. The data in a single packet can be up to 2,745

bits in length.

6. Currently, there are two types of data transfer

between devices - SCO (synchronous connection

oriented) and ACL (asynchronous connectionless).

7. In a Bluetooth piconet, there can be up to

three SCO links containing 64,000 bits per second

with each one. To help avoid collision and timing

problems, the links of the SCO will use reserved

slots set up by the master.

8. A master can support up to three SCO links

with either one, two, or even three slaves.

9. The slots not reserved for the SCO links can

be used for ACL links.

10. A single master and slave can have one ACL

link.

11. ACL is either master to one slave (point to

point) or it broadcasts to all of the slaves.

12. The ACL slaves will only transmit when it has

been requested by the master. If the master doesn't

make the request, the ACL slaves won't transmit

anything at all.

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Bluetooth Basics

(category: Bluetooth-Technology, Word count: 299)
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The technology of Bluetooth wireless is a short

range communications method intended to replace

the cables that connect portable or fixed devices

while maintaining the highest levels of security.

The key features offered by Bluetooth include

low power and low cost. The specification in

Bluetooth defines a uniform structure for a wide

range of devices to communicate and connect with

one another.

The technology behind Bluetooth has achieved

global satisfaction such as enabled devices, almost

everywhere in the world. Bluetooth devices will

connect and communicate without wires through

short range and networks known as piconets.

Each device will simultaneously communicate with

up to seven other devices within a single piconet,

meaning that each device can also belong to

several piconets simultaneously. The piconets

are dynamically established as Bluetooth enabled

devices enter and leave the proximity of radio.

A fundamental to Bluetooth strength is the

ability to handle both data and voice transmissions

simultaneously. This will enable users to enjoy

varieties of innovative solutions such as hands

free talking, printing and fax capabilities,

and other applications.

Specifications

Unlike other standards of wireless, the Bluetooth

specification gives product developers both a

link layer and application layer definitions,

which will help support data and voice applications.

Spectrum

The Bluetooth technology operates in the industrial

and scientific band at 2.4 to 2.485 GHz, using a

spread spectrum, frequency hopping signal.

Interference

The adaptive frequency hopping of Bluetooth

technology was designed to reduce interference

between wireless technologies that share the 2.4

GHz spectrum. Adaptive frequency hopping (AFH)

works well within the spectrum to take full

advantage of the frequency available.

AFH hopping allows for more efficient transmission

within the spectrum, which provides users with

greater performance even if they are using other

technologies along with Bluetooth.

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10 Benefits Of Bluetooth

(category: Bluetooth-Technology, Word count: 433)
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Below, are 10 benefits and reasons to use Bluetooth

technology.

1. Wireless

As you probably already know, there are many benefits

and advantages to using wireless devices. Along with

improving safety as a result of eliminating wires

you don't need, wireless also offers you plenty of

other advantages. When traveling with your laptop

or other wireless devices, you'll no longer have to

worry about bringing connection cables.

2. Bluetooth is actually inexpensive

The technology of Bluetooth is cheap for companies

to implement, which results in lower costs for the

company. These savings are then passed from the

company on to you.

3. Bluetooth is automatic

Bluetooth doesn't have you set up a connection or

push any buttons. When two or more devices enter

a range of up to 30 feet of each other, they will

automatically begin to communicate without you

having to do anything.

4. Standardized protocol

Bluetooth is standardized wireless, meaning that

a high level of compatibility among devices is

guaranteed. Bluetooth will connect devices to

each other, even if they aren't the same model.

5. Low interference

Bluetooth devices almost always avoid interference

from other wireless devices. Bluetooth uses a

technique known as frequency hopping, and also

low power wireless signals.

6. Low energy consumption

As a result of Bluetooth using low power signals,

the technology requires very little energy and will

use less battery or electrical power as a result.

This is an excellent benefit for mobile devices,

as Bluetooth won't drain the battery.

7. Sharing voice and data

The standard for Bluetooth will allow compatible

devices to share data and voice communications.

This is great for mobile phones and headsets, as

Bluetooth simplifies driving and talking on your

cell phone.

8. Instant PAN (Personal Area Network)

You can connect up to seven Bluetooth devices to

each other within a range of up to 30 feet, forming

a piconet or PAN. For a single room, you can

also set up multiple piconets.

9. Upgradeable

Upgradeable is the standard for Bluetooth. There

are newer versions of Bluetooth in the works,

which offer many new advantages and backward

compatible with older versions.

10. The technology stays

Bluetooth technology is a world wide, universal

wireless standard. With it being as popular as

it is, you can count on it being around for years

to come. As more and more devices start to use

Bluetooth technology, more manufacturers will be

eager to make their products compatible. A chain

reaction will occur, making Bluetooth the standard

for cutting edge wireless.

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Bluetooth In Action

(category: Bluetooth-Technology, Word count: 449)
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In the United States, Bluetooth gets absolutely no

respect. It is however, becoming more and more

common in notebooks, PDAs, and especially cell

phones. Bluetooth will provide wireless users a

way to transmit small amounts of data over short

distances.

Now, Bluetooth is facing stiff competition from

new wireless technology. Referred to as UWB or

Ultra Wideband, it promises data transfer of up

to 480 MB a second - while most current Bluetooth

devices transfer data up to 721 KB a second.

For the time being, Bluetooth devices are surely

cropping up. Below, we will look at some of

the accessories offered with Bluetooth technology.

Talking to the dashboard

When pairing it with a cell phone, the CCM Blue

Warrior car kit becomes a great speaker phone that

plugs into the power adapter of your vehicle. The

noise cancelling microphone will reduce background

noise efficiently, with the large buttons making

adjusting the speaker volume a snap. Although

the Blue Warrior is far from sexy or sleek, it's

very practical.

Tiny tuning box

Part MP3 player and part hands free phone, the

compact and lightweight Sony HBM-30 is an attractive

gadget that lets you accept calls with minimal

interruption of your tunes. When you get an incoming

call it will automatically pause your music, then

you speak into the built in microphone that you

can wear around your neck or clip to your clothes.

The pen

With Nokia's SU-1B digital pen, you can doodle and

make hand written notes in ink on a special pad

then transmit them from the pad to your Bluetooth

phone. Being an alternative to typing on a cell

phone keypad, the pen is very handy, although a

pricey tool from MMS fans.

Snapshots

If you want to make slide shows with your camera

photos, the Nokia SU-2 image viewer will let you

disply your pictures on a TV or projector. Simply

hook this square gray device to your TV's input

with the built in cable, then beam the pictures

to the SU-2 from your Bluetooth enabled phone and

the photo fest will begin.

This device is a snap to set up and use, although

it displays resolutions of up to 640 by 480. If

you have a newer phone that takes high resolution

photos, you won't be able to use the Nokia SU-2

image viewer.

Keep in mind, the 640 by 480 pixel photos will

appear blocky on TV screens, no matter what you

do. If your phone can send batches of photos, you

can create a slide show - although Nokia claims

you can use sequentially beamed shots as well.

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