Excavation-Equipment Articles
Forklift
(category: Excavation-Equipment, Word count: 481)
Share this article on: Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp
Sometimes called a forklift truck, the forklift is
a powerful industrial truck that is used to lift
and transport material by steel forks that are
inserted under the load. Forklifts are commonly
used to move loads and equipment that is stored on
pallets. The forklift was developed in 1920, and
has since become a valuable piece of equipment in
many manufacturing and warehousing operations.
Types
The most common type of design with forklifts is
the counter balance. Other types of designs
include the reach truck and side loader, both of
which are used in environments where the space is
at a minimum.
Control and capability
Forklifts are available in many types and different
load capacities. In the average warehouse setting,
most forklifts have load capacities of around
five tons.
Along with the control to raise and lower the
forks, you can also tilt the mast to compensate
for the tendency of the load to angle the blades
towards the ground and risk slipping it off the
forks. The tilt will also provide a limited
ability to operate on ground that isn't level.
There are some variations that allow you to move
the forks and backrest laterally, which allows
easier placement of a load. In addition to this,
there are some machines that offer hydraulic
control to move the forks together or further
apart, which removes the need for you to get out
of the cab to manually adjust for a different size
load.
Another forklift variation that is sometimes
used in manufacturing facilities, will utilize
forklifts with a clamp attachment that you can
open and close around a load, instead of having
to use forks. Products such as boxes, cartons,
etc., can be moved with the clamp attachment.
Safety
Forklifts are rated for loads at a specified
maximum weight and a specified forward type center
of gravity. All of this information is located
on a nameplate that is provided by the manufacturer
and the loads cannot exceed these specifications.
One of the most important aspects of operating a
forklift is the rear wheel steering. Even though
this helps to increase maneuverability in tight
cornering situations, it differs from the
traditional experience of a driver with other
wheeled vehicles as there is no caster action.
Another critical aspect of the forklift is the
instability. Both the forklift and the load must
be considered a unit, with a varying center of
gravity with every movement of the load. You
must never negotiate a turn with a forklift at
full speed with a raised load, as this can easily
tip the forklift over.
Normally, to drive a forklift, you'll need to
pass a basic test. They aren't difficult to
operate, although you'll need to be safe when you
operate them. Once you have operated one for a
while, you'll have no problems being safe.
Cranes
(category: Excavation-Equipment, Word count: 592)
Share this article on: Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp
A crane is a tower or derrick that is equipped with
cables and pulleys that are used to lift and lower
material. They are commonly used in the construction
industry and in the manufacturing of heavy equipment.
Cranes for construction are normally temporary
structures, either fixed to the ground or mounted
on a purpose built vehicle.
They can either be controlled from an operator in
a cab that travels along with the crane, by a push
button pendant control station, or by radio type
controls. The crane operator is ultimately responsible
for the safety of the crews and the crane.
Medieval cranes
Cranes of the Middle Ages were used to build the
cathedrals of Europe. The crane was fixed on top
of a wall as it was being constructed and was
powered by men that ran inside of two large wheels
on each side. Cranes were also used in medieval ports
and in shipyards.
Mobile cranes
The most basic type of crane consists of a steel
truss or telescopic boom mounted on a mobile platform,
which could be a rail, wheeled, or even on a cat
truck. The boom is hinged at the bottom and can
be either raised or lowered by cables or hydraulic
cylinders.
Telescopic crane
This type of crane offers a boom that consists of
a number of tubes fitted one inside of the other.
A hydraulic mechanism extends or retracts the
tubes to increase or decrease the length of the
boom.
Tower crane
The tower crane is a modern form of a balance
crane. When fixed to the ground, tower cranes
will often give the best combination of height and
lifting capacity and are also used when constructing
tall buildings.
Truck mounted crane
Cranes mounted on a rubber tire truck will provide
great mobility. Outriggers that extend vertically
or horizontally are used to level and stabilize
the crane during hoisting.
Rough terrain crane
A crane that is mounted on an undercarriage with
four rubber tires, designed for operations off
road. The outriggers extend vertically and
horizontally to level and stabilize the crane when
hoisting. These types of cranes are single engine
machines where the same engine is used for powering
the undercarriage as it is for powering the
crane. In these types of cranes, the engine is
normally mounted in the undercarriage rather than
in the upper portion.
Loader crane
A loader crane is a hydraulically powered articulated
arm fitted to a trailer, used to load equipment
onto a trailer. The numerous sections can be
folded into a small space when the crane isn't in
use.
Overhead crane
Also refered to as a suspended crane, this type
is normally used in a factory, with some of them
being able to lift very heavy loads. The hoist is
set on a trolley which will move in one direction
along one or two beams, which move at angles to
that direction along elevated or ground level
tracks, often mounted along the side of an assembly
area.
In the excavation world, cranes are used to move
equipment or machinery. Cranes can quickly and
easily move machinery into trenches or down steep
hills, or even pipe. There are many types of
cranes available, serving everything from
excavation to road work.
Cranes are also beneficial to building bridges or
construction. For many years, cranes have proven
to be an asset to the industry of construction
and excavating. Crane operators make really good
money, no matter what type of crane they are
operating.
Case Cx330
(category: Excavation-Equipment, Word count: 645)
Share this article on: Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp
As you may know, the CX330 is the upgrade to the
9050B model from Case. The CX330 is quite an upgrade,
being much bigger than the 9050B.
In standard form, the CX330 is almost 5,000 pounds
heavier than the 9050B. This added weight comes
from a larger counterweight and from a redesigned
carbody that will now completely enclose the swing
system.
These added pounds will also contribute to the boost
in the CX330s over-front capacity, and in combination
with higher hydraulic pressures the travel circuit,
give the excavator a very impressive 16% boost in
draw bar pull, which means more power for negotiating
poor underfoot conditions and very steep grades.
In addition to the new features, the CX330s digging
linkage has been enhanced in many ways. The boom
and arm, deeper in cross section to accommodate
higher digging forces, now incorporate V-groove
type welds that are placed by robots and 100 percent
ultra sound inspected.
The boom foot and boom to arm pivots use improved
bushings, new plated pins, and new dust seals that
combine to make a more durable and easier to take
care of assembly. The newly hardened chrome pins
will also contribute to the overall digging linkage
durability.
Even though the basic 6 cylinder, 8.3 liter engine
in the CX330 has been used in Case products since
1985, continual refinement over the years has
changed nearly 85% of the original engine's part
numbers. The CX330 features 259 net HP with an
air to air intercooler and a free breathing 24 valve
cylinder head.
The electronic logic that controls the new engine's
fuel system tracks the machine's operating parameters
and keeps the system continually armed to respond
instantly and precisely to the fuel requirements of
each individual cylinder. The total electronic
design of the engine will also eliminate cable
and step motor controls from the fuel system, with
a large gain in reliability.
Even though modest changes in the CX330s digging
linkage geometry will contribute to the higher
forces of digging, the big guns here are the
refinement of the trench with it's open center
hydraulic system. The main pressure in the
implement circuit is up almost 8%, with the hydraulic
cylinder diameter up 7% as well.
Hydraulic power
The increase in hydraulic power combines with the
more efficient linkage geometry to yield almost
20% more bucket digging force and 15% more arm
force. With 19 more HP, the CX330 can drive it's
main hydraulic pumps with much better force. In
addition, the new pumps will produce about 6% more
flow for increased hydraulic speed at much lower
system pressures.
The new PCS (Pro Control System) will manage the
hydraulic system and interface with the 6TAA-830
engine, and does it with more electronic genious
than the 9050B did. Similar to the 9050B, the
CX330 does have manually selected working modes,
although it departs from previous designs by adding
a new automatic work mode. By working in the
new automatic mode, the CX330 can analyze load
demands and operator input at the joystick, then
adjust the engine and hydraulic pumps to balance
power and speed with efficiency and even with the
economy.
Other PCS features include a high speed assistance
system, which will speed up boom and arm functions,
and an automatic power boost system as well. The
power boost system will increase main pressure by
10% for 8 seconds if the implement system reaches
the standard relief pressure for more than 1 second
in tough digging conditions.
With everything the CX330 from Case offers, it's
truly the best excavtor in years. Case has outdone
themselves this time, doing their part to make
excavating both fun and exciting. If you've been
looking for the perfect upgrade from the 9050B, the
CX330 is all that and a bag of chips.
Trenching And Plowing Equipment
(category: Excavation-Equipment, Word count: 502)
Share this article on: Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp
When trenchers were first introduced to the residential
and commercial contractors, they rapidly became the
backbone of the crew. The time and labor trenchers
saved when they replaced the pick and shovel was
simply incredible. The contractor was able to double
the number of jobs his crew could complete in the
same amount of time - or less.
The standard types of trenchers, whether dedicated
units or attachments, they are versatile machines
for contractors to have with them on the job. They
can be used for many different purposes, from digging
valve box holes to trenches for drain pipes. In
areas that contain rocky soil, large roots, or
other problems where the other machinery can't access
the soil, the trencher will minimize downtime that
was once spent digging by hand.
The many types of vibratory plows will offer even
more labor saving options. These plows eliminate
the hand labor of having to lay the pipe and
backfilling on numerous jobs. Even though vibratory
plows have taken their market share and are great
for pulling pipe, trenchers are still very important
for many different types of applications.
The impressive company Bobcat offers three different
trenching attachments that are designed for use on
the smaller skid steer loaders. The attachment
models LT102, LT203, and LT304 all have digging
depths from 2 - 4 feet.
Mini trenchers
The mini trenchers have been re-designed and
finely tuned from the same concept that made standard
trenchers so popular. As the name suggests, they
are lightweight, with the largest models weighing
less than 400 pounds. They are also compact,
allowing you to put them in the back of an average
pickup truck.
They will also dig a trench around 4 inches wide,
and up to 13 inches deep, neatly laying the soil
on side of the trench. Without any trouble at
all, you can cover pipe with the backfill, leaving
a barely visible seam in the soil.
With time being money, these types of mini trenchers
are the answer when working in tight or small areas,
or on jobs that have a lot of trees or shrubbery.
Mini trenchers have a turning radius of less than
two feet and they will easily fit through most
garden gates. Jobs that would normally need a lot
of manual labor will now save you a lot of time
and man power.
If you do construction or excavation work, even
gardening, you'll find trenching and plowing
equipment to be essential to your work. If you've
never used these types of equipment before,
you'll be amazed at just how much time you can
save.
If you are just starting up your business, you'll
find this type of equipment to be just what you
need. You won't need a lot of labor with a trencher,
as you can do most of it yourself. For saving
time, money, and effort, trenching and plowing
equipment is the way to go.
Comparing Trenchers To Compact Excavators
(category: Excavation-Equipment, Word count: 478)
Share this article on: Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp
Both of these machines are affordable, popular,
highly productive, and they both have helped lay a
lot of cable and pipe in the ground. While they
both can do the work, there are differences as
to how they perform when stacked up against each
other in residential utility installations.
Size and price
The average dig depth for utility installations in
residential applications is between 40 and 48
inches. The basic trencher that digs to the above
depth will boast a 20 - 30 horsepower engine and
cost around 40,000 dollars.
The most popular type of compact excavator is the
2.5 metric ton size class, and it uses a 30 HP
engine and costs around the same price. The
biggest difference in the two surfaces when you
need the trencher to dig deeper. The 2.5 metric
ton excavator has no trouble at all digging to 8
feet or more, although a trencher that can dig
that deep will require an engine with around 100
horsepower and cost upwards of 90,000 dollars!
Life costs
Not counting the bucket teeth and the replacement
of the rubber tracks at 2,000 hours, fuel and
routine maintenance are your only daily costs
with a compact excavator. The digging chain, teeth,
and sprockets on the trenchers are considered
wear items and need to be replaced often. Even
with the high consumable costs of trenchers, the
differences will tend to even out when productivity
is taken into effect.
Productivity
For straight line trenching at an average depth,
trenchers will flat out lead compact excavators.
Under reasonable conditions, a trencher can work
three to four times faster than that of a compact
excavator. Another area where trenchers really
excel is wooded areas, where tree roots and logs
can make for slow and sloppy digging when using a
bucket.
Versatility
When it comes down to it, compact excavators can
do a lot of things that trenchers can't, especially
when they have attachments on hand. If you are
digging with a compact excavator, you can't go
anywhere near as fast as you can with a good quality
trencher.
Keep in mind that a trencher isn't a single minded
machine either. Most styles of trenchers can be
outfitted with a backhoe attachment that attaches
to the front end. Whenever concrete, rocks, or
asphalt stands in the way, the boom and chain can
be replaced with rock teeth and a wheel. In soft
soils, you can set up a trencher with a plow
attachment and plow in cables faster than using
any other available method.
When it comes down to choosing, keep in mind that
it all depends on your needs. There are some
cases where the compact excavator is best to
choose, while there will also be jobs in which
the trencher is going to do the best work.
Caterpillar Equipment
(category: Excavation-Equipment, Word count: 468)
Share this article on: Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp
Caterpillar Incorporated, also known as CAT is a
United States based corporation that is based in
Peoria, Illinois. The company commonly known as CAT
is known around the world as the largest manufacturer
of construction and mining equipment, diesel and
natural gas engines, and industrial gas turbines.
Well known and famous for their products that feature
the Caterpillar track and distinctive yellow paint,
CAT produces a wide range of heavy equipment for
all types of jobs, including the very popular
Caterpillar D9 bulldozer.
History
The story of CAT dates back to the late 19th century,
when Daniel Best and Benjamin Holt were experimenting
with different ways to fulfill the promise that
steam tractors held for farm work. Prior to 1925,
the Holt family had pioneered track tractors and
gasoline powered engines. After the companies of
Best and Holt were merged, the company went through
several changes then at the end of World War 2,
they began to grow at a very fast pace, launching
the first venture outside of the country in 1950,
which marked the beginning of CAT development into
a big corporation.
CAT equipment ranges from track type tractors to
hydraulic excavators, backhoes, motor graders, off
road trucks, wheel loaders, tractors, diesel and
gas engines, and gas turbines. CAT equipment is
used in construction, excavation, building roads,
mining, energy, forestry, transportation, and
material handling companies.
Sales
Over half of CAT's sales are to customers in overseas
areas. CAT products are sold in almost 200 different
countries. The company has a worldwide network
of over 200 dealers - 63 in the United States and
over 150 in other countries. CAT equipment and
components are manufactured in 42 plants in the
United States and 58 plants in Australia, Belgium,
Brazil, Canada, England, France, Germany, India,
Japan, Mexico, and several other countries.
Labor
CAT almost went down in the early 1980s due to
the massive union strikes and a down turn in product
demand. At the time, several news reports indicated
that products were piling up so high in facilities
that temporary workers hired to work the lines
could barely get to their stations to perform their
jobs.
In the 1990s, CAT suffered yet another long strike
in which the company hired what it deemed to be
permanent replacements for union workers that
were on strike. During both strikes, jack rocks
were placed in the home entrances of many of
CATs top executives and employees, puncturing
the tires of their vehicles and making things
worse for the company.
Not long after the strike of the 1990s ended
and the economy started to get back up again, CAT
adopted the "6 Sigma" quality management program,
to help reduce costs and inventory and identify
and correct the defects in processes and products.
Dump Truck
(category: Excavation-Equipment, Word count: 631)
Share this article on: Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp
Dump trucks or production trucks are those that are
used for transporting loose material such as sand,
dirt, and gravel for construction. The typical dump
truck is equipped with a hydraulically operated open
box bed hinged at the rear, with the front being
able to be lifted up to allow the contents to fall
out on the ground at the site of delivery.
Dump trucks come in many different configurations
with each one specified to accomplish a specific
task in the construction chain.
Standard dump truck
The standard dump truck is a full truck chassis with
the dump body mounted onto the frame. The dump body
is raised by a hydraulic ram lift that is mounted
forward of the front bulkhead, normally between the
truck cab and the dump body.
The standard dump truck also has one front axle,
and one or more rear axles which normally has dual
wheels on each side. The common configurations for
standard dump trucks include the six wheeler and
ten wheeler.
Transfer dump truck
For the amount of noise made when transferring, the
transfer dump truck is easy to recognize. It's a
standard dump truck that pulls a separate trailer
which can be loaded with sand, asphalt, gravel,
dirt, etc.
The B box or aggregate container on the trailer is
powered by an electric motor and rides on wheels
and rolls off of the trailer and into the main dump
box. The biggest advantage with this configuration
is to maximize payload capacity without having to
sacrifice the maneuverability of the short and
nimble dump truck standards.
Semi trailer end dump truck
The semi end dump truck is a tractor trailer
combination where the trailer itself contains the
hydraulic hoist. The average semi end dump truck
has a 3 axle tractor that pulls a 2 axle semi
trailer. The advantage to having a semi end
dump truck is rapid unloading.
Semi trailer bottom dump truck
A bottom dump truck is a 3 axle tractor that pulls
a 2 axle trailer with a clam shell type dump
gate in the belly of the trailer. The biggest
advantage of a semi bottom dump truck is the
ability to lay material in a wind row. This
type of truck is also maneuverable in reverse as
well, unlike the double and triple trailer
configurations.
Double and triple trailer
The double and triple bottom dump trucks consist
of a 2 axle tractor pulling a semi axle semi
trailer and an additional trailer. These types of
dump trucks allow the driver to lay material in
wind rows without having to leave the cab or stop
the truck. The biggest disadvantage is the
difficulty in going in reverse.
Side dump trucks
Side dump trucks consist of a 3 axle trailer pulling
a 2 axle semi trailer. It offers hydraulic rams
that tilt the dump body onto the side, which spills
the material to the left or right side of the
trailer. The biggest advantages with these types
of dump trucks are that they allow rapid unloading
and carry more weight than other dump trucks.
In addition to this, side dump trucks are almost
impossible to tip over while dumping, unlike the
semi end dump trucks which are very prone to being
upset or tipped over. The length of these trucks
impede maneuverability and limit versatility.
Off road dump trucks
Off road trucks resemble heavy construction equipment
more than they do highway dump trucks. They are
used strictly for off road mining and heavy dirt
hauling jobs, such as excavation work. They are
very big in size, and perfect for those time when
you need to dig out roads and need something to
haul the massive amounts of dirt to another
location.
Front Loader
(category: Excavation-Equipment, Word count: 480)
Share this article on: Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp
Also known as a front end loader, bucket loader,
scoop loader, or shovel, the front loader is a type
of tractor that is normally wheeled and uses a
wide square tilting bucket on the end of movable
arms to lift and move material around.
The loader assembly may be a removable attachment
or permanently mounted on the vehicle. Often times,
the bucket can be replaced with other devices or
tools, such as forks or a hydraulically operated
bucket.
Larger style front loaders, such as the Caterpillar
950G or the Volvo L120E, normally have only a
front bucket and are known as front loaders,
where the small front loaders are often times
equipped with a small backhoe as well and called
backhoe loaders or loader backhoes.
Loaders are primarily used for loading materials
into trucks, laying pipe, clearing rubble, and
also digging. Loaders aren't the most efficient
machines for digging, as they can't dig very deep
below the level of their wheels, like the backhoe
can.
The deep bucket on the front loader can normally
store around 3 - 6 cubic meters of dirt, as the
bucket capacity of the loader is much bigger than
the bucket capacity of a backhoe loader. Loaders
aren't classified as excavating machinery, as
their primary purpose is other than moving dirt.
In construction areas, mainly when fixing roads
in the middle of the city, front loaders are
used to transport building materials such as
pipe, bricks, metal bars, and digging tools.
Front loaders are also very useful for snow
removal as well, as you can use their bucket or
as a snow plow. They can clear snow from the
streets and highways, even parking lots. They
will sometimes load the snow into dump trucks
which will then haul it away.
Unlike the bulldozer, most loaders are wheeled and
not tracked. The wheels will provide better
mobility and speed and won't damage paved roads
near as much as tracks, although this will come
at the cost of reduced traction.
Unlike backhoes or tractors fitted with a steel
bucket, large loaders don't use automotive
steering mechanisms, as they instead steer by a
hydraulically actuated pivot point set exactly
between the front and rear axles. This is known
as articulated steering and will allow the front
axle to be solid, therefore allowing it to carry
a heavier weight.
Articulated steering will also give a reduced
turn in radius for a given wheelbase. With the
front wheels and attachment rotating on the same
axis, the operator is able to steer his load in
an arc after positioning the machine, which can
come in quite handy. The problem is that when
the machine is twisted to one side and a heavy
load is lifted high in the air, it has a bigger
risk of turning over.
Operating A Backhoe Safely
(category: Excavation-Equipment, Word count: 482)
Share this article on: Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp
A skid steer loader with backhoe attachment or a backhoe
loader in general can be very productive if it is
operated safely and efficiently. The best way to
get the job done safely and efficiently is to know
yourself, the job site, and your equipment.
Even though the models of backhoes will vary, there
are safety features with all of them that include
steps and grab handles for getting on and off of
the machine. Backhoes also feature frame lock levers
and attaching levers to keep the backhoe securely
fastened to the loader frame during operation as well
as transporting.
In addition to these standard safety features, there
are some backhoes that provide a safety chain. The
safety chain will prevent the backhoe mounting
frame from rotating backwards and unexpectedly
trapping the operator, which can result in serious
injury or death. Therefore, it is always important
to know and check all of the mounting and attachment
points and the safety chain before you operate the
backhoe.
If you've attached the backhoe to the loader, you
should take a moment to inspect it and perform any
necessary maintenance. Check for broken or
damaged parts, also making sure to check for leaks,
cracks, excessive wear, and check the control
levers.
The warning and safety signs and instructional
decals are very important and will help you to
avoid injury. You should always take them seriously
and replace any damaged or missing decals.
Every 8 hours or so, you should grease all of the
zerk fittings, and check the hydraulic fluid
and oil and a daily basis. If the fluid is low,
the backhoe will not operate. Therefore, you
should always take the time to check your machine.
Anytime you have to leave the operator seat of the
backhoe, you should lower the bucket or attachment
to the ground, turn the engine off, remove the
ignition key, then exit the machine.
When the time comes to drive to the next job site,
you should always make sure that you have fully
raised both the front and rear stabilizers and
make sure you've put the backhoe seat into the
"down" position for better visibility. Before
you drive off, make sure that you've installed the
transport locking pin.
Here are some other things to keep in mind:
- Always select the right size bucket for
the job.
- Stake out the work area that is going to
be excavated and use flags to mark the area.
- Never work in areas that have inadequate
overhead clearances.
Always make sure that you keep bystanders or other
workers out of the swing area. If anyone gets in
the way of the boom swinging, they can very easily
get injured. The machine has no feelings,
therefore you should always be aware of who is
around you and where they are standing.
Reload this page to get new content randomly.
More Categories
Time-Management | Loans | Credit | Weather | Finance | Weddings | Trucks-Suvs | Home-Family | Cars | Self-Improvement | Reference-Education | Insurance | Vehicles | Mortgage | Home-Improvement | Gardening | Society | Parenting | Debt-Consolidation | Womens-Issues | Relationships | Acne | Interior-Design | Nutrition | Fashion | Baby | Legal | Religion | Fishing | Clothing | Holidays | Product-Reviews | Personal-Finance | Auctions | Communications | Misc | Supplements | Marriage | Currency-Trading | Politics | Goal-Setting | Taxes | Ecommerce | Movie-Reviews | Recipes | Traffic-Generation | College | Cooking | Computer-Certification | Success | Motivation | Depression | Stress-Management | Site-Promotion | Outdoors | Home-Security | Book-Reviews | History | Entrepreneurs | Hair-Loss | Yoga | Consumer-Electronics | Stock-Market | Email-Marketing | Article-Writing | Ppc-Advertising | Science | K12-Education | Crafts | Environmental | Elderly-Care | Fitness-Equipment | Cruises | Coaching | Domains | Spirituality | Mens-Issues | Happiness | Leadership | Customer-Service | Inspirational | Diabetes | Attraction | Security | Copywriting | Language | Data-Recovery | Muscle-Building | Aviation | Motorcycles | Coffee | Landscaping | Homeschooling | Ebooks | Cardio | Psychology | Celebrities | Pregnancy | Ebay | Mesothelioma | Extreme | Ezine-Marketing | Digital-Products | Fundraising | Martial-Arts | Boating | Divorce | Book-Marketing | Commentary | Current-Events | Credit-Cards | Public-Speaking | Hunting | Debt | Financial | Coin-Collecting | Family-Budget | Meditation | Biking | Rss | Music-Reviews | Organizing | Breast-Cancer | Creativity | Spam | Podcasts | Google-Adsense | Forums | Ethics | Buying-Paintings | Gourmet | Auto-Sound-systems | After-School-Activities | Adsense | Dieting | Education | Dance | Cigars | Astronomy | Cats | Diamonds | Autoresponders | Disneyland | Carpet | Bbqs | Dental | Criminology | Craigslist | Atv | Excavation-Equipment | Buying-A-boat | Auto-Responders | Auto-Navigation-Systems | Autism-Articles | Atkins-Diet | Aspen-Nightlife | Fruit-Trees | Credit-Card-Debt | Creating-An-Online-Business | Breast-Feeding | Contact-Lenses | Computer-Games-systems | Colon-Cleanse | College-Scholarship | Golden-Retriever | Anger-Management | American-History | Bluetooth-Technology | Alternative-Energy | Closet-Organizers | Elliptical-Trainers | Electric-Cars | Black-History | Air-Purifiers | Diesel-Vs-Gasoline-Vehicles | Christmas-Shopping | Choosing-The-Right-Golf-Clubs | Dental-Assistant | Decorating-For-Christmas | Beach-Vacations | Cd-Duplication | Bathroom-Remodeling | Bargain-Hunting | Candle-Making | Backyard-Activities | Auto-Leasing | Skin-Cancer | Recreational-Vehicle | Mutual-Funds | Boats | Leasing | Innovation | Philosophy | Grief | Colon-Cancer | Prostate-Cancer | Dating-Women | Audio-Video-Streaming | Forex | Digital-Camera | Cell-Phone | Car-Stereo | Car-Rental | Running | Sociology | Multiple-Sclerosis | Leukemia | Dogs | Ovarian-Cancer