Data-Recovery Articles
Dealing With The Loss Of Data
(category: Data-Recovery, Word count: 472)
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Data loss is something that can be very traumatic. Whether it's a business with important files and documents, or an individual with precious pictures and videos, losing data can be a very traumatic and stressful situation. If you've never experienced hard drive failure or losing data before, it can indeed be a situation where you find yourself wondering what to do.
No matter what you happens, you shouldn't stress out or let the situation get the best of you. Although computers are great to have and hard drives work very well for storage, they are both machinery and are bound to fail at some point in time. No matter how sophisticated hard drives get, they will never be able to completely avoid crashes or failure.
In most cases, your data can be recovered, which is always good news. When your hard drive first crashes or you notice that your data is missing, you should immediately take it to a local specialist. The specialist will be able to evaluate your hard drive, find out what the problem is, and then tell you. The evaluation process could take anywhere from 1 day to a couple of weeks, so you should always prepare yourself for anything.
Once the hard drive has been evaluated, they will go over pricing with you and tell you what options you have. At this point, you can decide if you want to go with their offer, or how you want to proceed. Keep in mind that this can be very costly, although at this point it may very well be the only chance you have for recovering your data.
The smartest way to avoid data recovery altogether, is to create a backup of your files and keep backing them up. Companies and those who do their work with computers should always back things up at least once a day. This way, if your hard drive happens to crash or you lose all of your data, you'll have the back up files safe and sound. Then, when you take your hard drive to a specialist to be recovered, you'll have the files to keep on working. Also, at this point, you can choose whether or not you want to have the hard drive recovered, or just scrap it and get a new one - as you'll have all the files backed up and ready to use.
In the event of data loss or hard drive failure, you should always remain calm and know that there are options out there to help you recover your data. If you've been backing up your information, you won't need to worry near as much. From backing up your data to data recovery specialists - you'll have the options you need to keep your sanity and recover your lost data.
Compact Flash Memory And Data Recovery
(category: Data-Recovery, Word count: 1042)
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Flash memory gets its name due to its microchip arrangement in such a way, that its section of memory cells gets erased in a single action or "Flash".
Both NOR and NAND Flash memory were invented by Dr. Fujio Masuoka from Toshiba in 1984.The name 'Flash' was suggested because the erasure process of the memory contents reminds a flash of a camera, and it's name was coined to express how much faster it could be erased "in a flash". Dr. Masuoka presented the invention at the International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM) held in San Jose, California in 1984 and Intel recognizes the potentiality of the invention and introduced the first commercial NOR type flash chip in 1988, with long erase and write times.
Flash memory is a form of non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and rewrite, which means that it does not need power to maintain the data stored in the chip. In addition, flash memory offers fast read access times and better shock resistance than hard disks. These characteristics explain the popularity of flash memory for applications such as storage on battery-powered devices.
Flash memory is advance from of EEPROM (Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) that allows multiple memory locations to be erased or written in one programming operation. Unlike an EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory) an EEPROM can be programmed and erased multiple times electrically. Normal EEPROM only allows one location at a time to be erased or written, meaning that flash can operate at higher effective speeds when the systems using; it read and write to different locations at the same time.
Referring to the type of logic gate used in each storage cell, Flash memory is built in two varieties and named as, NOR flash and NAND flash.
Flash memory stores one bit of information in an array of transistors, called "cells", however recent flash memory devices referred as multi-level cell devices, can store more than 1 bit per cell depending on amount of electrons placed on the Floating Gate of a cell. NOR flash cell looks similar to semiconductor device like transistors, but it has two gates. First one is the control gate (CG) and the second one is a floating gate (FG) that is shield or insulated all around by an oxide layer. Because the FG is secluded by its shield oxide layer, electrons placed on it get trapped and data is stored within. On the other hand NAND Flash uses tunnel injection for writing and tunnel release for erasing.
NOR flash that was developed by Intel in 1988 with unique feature of long erase and write times and its endurance of erase cycles ranges from 10,000 to 100,000 makes it suitable for storage of program code that needs to be infrequently updated, like in digital camera and PDAs. Though, later cards demand moved towards the cheaper NAND flash; NOR-based flash is hitherto the source of all the removable media.
Followed in 1989 Samsung and Toshiba form NAND flash with higher density, lower cost per bit then NOR Flash with faster erase and write times, but it only allows sequence data access, not random like NOR Flash, which makes NAND Flash suitable for mass storage device such as memory cards. SmartMedia was first NAND-based removable media and numerous others are behind like MMC, Secure Digital, xD-Picture Cards and Memory Stick. Flash memory is frequently used to hold control code such as the basic input/output system (BIOS) in a computer. When BIOS needs to be changed (rewritten), the flash memory can be written to in block rather than byte sizes, making it simple to update.
On the other hand, flash memory is not practical to random access memory (RAM) as RAM needs to be addressable at the byte (not the block) level. Thus, it is used more as a hard drive than as a RAM. Because of this particular uniqueness, it is utilized with specifically-designed file systems which extend writes over the media and deal with the long erase times of NOR flash blocks. JFFS was the first file systems, outdated by JFFS2. Then YAFFS was released in 2003, dealing specifically with NAND flash, and JFFS2 was updated to support NAND flash too. Still, in practice most follows old FAT file system for compatibility purposes.
Although it can be read or write a byte at a time in a random access fashion, limitation of flash memory is, it must be erased a "block" at a time. Starting with a freshly erased block, any byte within that block can be programmed. However, once a byte has been programmed, it cannot be changed again until the entire block is erased. In other words, flash memory (specifically NOR flash) offers random-access read and programming operations, but cannot offer random-access rewrite or erase operations.
This effect is partially offset by some chip firmware or file system drivers by counting the writes and dynamically remapping the blocks in order to spread the write operations between the sectors, or by write verification and remapping to spare sectors in case of write failure.
Due to wear and tear on the insulating oxide layer around the charge storage mechanism, all types of flash memory erode after a certain number of erase functions ranging from 100,000 to 1,000,000, but it can be read an unlimited number of times. Flash Card is easily rewritable memory and overwrites without warning with a high probability of data being overwritten and hence lost.
In spite of all these clear advantages, worse may occur due to system failure, battery failure, accidental erasure, re-format, power surges, faulty electronics and corruption caused by hardware breakdown or software malfunctions; as a result your data could be lost and damaged.
Flash Memory Data Recovery is the process of restoring data from primary storage media when it cannot be accessed normally. Flash memory data recovery is a flash memory file recovery service that restores all corrupted and deleted photographs even if a memory card was re-formatted. This can be due to physical damage or logical damage to the storage device. Data even from damage flash memory can be recovered, and more than 90% of lost data can be restored.
New Data Recovery Technologies For Ntfs Hard Disks
(category: Data-Recovery, Word count: 430)
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NTFS partitions are infinitely more robust than their older FAT counterparts. Unfortunately, even NTFS volumes are not guaranteed against failures, corruption and data loss. Various reasons contribute to the NTFS failures, including hardware and software failures, power outages and malicious actions performed by viruses, trojans and other malware.
Due to the nature of the NTFS, this file system is more complex and way more complicated to analyze and recover than the FAT. When it comes to data repair, NTFS partitions are at huge disadvantage due to shortage of specialized data recovery tools that can handle such partitions correctly. The many reliability and security control structures integrated into the NTFS make developing NTFS disk recovery products a challenge.
Using Windows built-in disk check for the NTFS disk recovery can help sometimes, but more often than not it'll get you into more trouble if there's more than a moderate degree of corruption present. Besides, Windows checkdisk never goes beyond fixing the file system structures, while you care about your files and data more than the integrity of the NTFS disk.
NTFS disk recovery is a complex process that can only be handled by trained specialists shall you pursue the option of turning yourself to a data recovery service. Fortunately, you can also do it yourself by using appropriate NTFS disk recovery software.
1st NTFS Recovery by www.ntfs-recovery.com is one of the few NTFS disk recovery products dedicated to disks and partitions formatted with the NTFS file system. This NTFS disk recovery product can put your system back on track in a matter of minutes! No matter how serious the corruption and how bad the damage, 1st NTFS Recovery will recover your files and data, fix the file system, and restore access to inaccessible partitions completely automatically.
Unlike Windows disk checking tools, 1st NTFS Recovery attempts to recover your files and data before it goes on with the file system structures. The NTFS is a complex and highly fragile logical structure; why risk your own data when you can recover it safely and efficiently without writing anything to the damaged partition?
You can even preview the contents of the corrupted partition and view your Office documents and digital pictures before the recovery. 1st NTFS Recovery fully supports the now-popular Live Preview feature that allows previewing the content of the lost and damaged files before the actual recovery.
NTFS disk recovery tools from the source. Get 1st NTFS Recovery to save your files and fix your disks!
Recovering Digital Pictures From Hard Disks And Flash Memory Cards
(category: Data-Recovery, Word count: 426)
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Today, most digital pictures and family photo albums are stored electronically on a computer. These electronic images are much more vulnerable than traditional paper albums. Images could disappear from your PC if the system is attacked by a virus. An entire photo album can be deleted or corrupted by faulty software. Digital pictures can disappear from a memory card if you remove it from the camera when it saves your most recent snapshot, or if the operating temperature is too hot or too cold for that particular memory card. Is this a problem? Not at all! You can always restore lost pictures easily with Magic Photo Recovery!
Magic Photo Recovery (http://www.magicuneraser.com/) recovers lost and deleted images completely automatically. An easy step-by-step wizard recovers digital pictures lost or deleted from hard disks, digital cameras, memory cards and a variety of storage media in a quick and effortless manner. Deleted a photo from your computer or removed it from your digital camera? No problem! Magic Photo Recovery will scan the entire disk or memory card to locate and recover every picture you deleted. Formatted a memory card or repartitioned the entire hard drive? No problem! Magic Photo Recovery recovers images from disks and flash cards even if they were repartitioned and reformatted several times. Magic Photo Recovery recovers images deleted from the Recycle Bin or lost after a system failure, reads pictures from formatted or corrupted memory cards, and can even recover digital pictures and RAW files directly from the camera!
The improved recovery algorithm carefully analyzes the entire disk or memory card sector by sector, locates lost or deleted digital images, and restores them onto the same or different media. Thanks to the new recovery method, Magic Photo Recovery can recover digital pictures that no other program can even see! The recovery algorithm featured in Magic Photo Recovery 2.0 carefully analyzes the file system, the disk and the recoverable images in order to determine the original names and locations of files being recovered.
Magic Photo Recovery is quick and easy to use. The convenient wizard guides you through the recovery process in a step-by-step manner. In fact, you can even recover your pictures by just clicking a single button! No prior experience with data recovery, and no special skills or outstanding technical abilities are needed. Just launch Magic Photo Recovery and see the magic!
Convenience features include a full-featured image browser and viewer, and the ability to filter recoverable images by their size, resolution or pixel dimensions.
Microsoft Outlook Pst Repair Tool
(category: Data-Recovery, Word count: 294)
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Are you interested in mail recovery process? Many users ask this question, now it is possible with Recovery Toolbox for Outlook and repair pst. Microsoft Outlook is not a simple messaging, this program usually stores user contacts, meetings, tasks and journals. The loss of this data may affect your business, so, you may need to perform some actions that can ensure the integrity of your personal information.
We suggest trying Recovery Toolbox for Outlook, this program represents an intelligent solution, that permits to avoid losses. Recovery Toolbox for Outlook can repair all items, stored in Microsoft Outlook, in several easy steps, just follow the instructions and all emails will be successfully repaired. It does not matter, what was the reason that led to mailbox corruption, there are a lot of them.
Your mailbox may be affected due to power failures, file system corruptions, viruses or hacker attacks. Recovery Toolbox for Outlook repairs your email regardless of its corruption. It is very easy, you can save a lot of time for preventive measures, Recovery Toolbox for Outlook will never replace your firewall or antivirus client, but this program will be a good addition to other programs, that helps, when other ways of pst recovery and repair Outlook are useless. Please download free demo version of Recovery Toolbox for Outlook Outlook repair tool for pst repair now and make sure, that it helps. For your convenience, Recovery Toolbox for Outlook pst repair tool can save retrieved files as separate emails or as a single file of PST format. Feel free to ask questions about repair pst file, our support department will be glad to respond all requests with regard to Microsoft Outlook repair and Outlook pst repair in a reasonable time.
Xcacls Suninacl And Other Permissions Security Recovery Tools
(category: Data-Recovery, Word count: 1018)
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You Have 50GB Of Data To Move Along With Permissions Security
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This article is about several tools that can save a Windows administrators you know what in the event of a large scale permissions security problem.
Here is a fictional scenario we can use to illustrate the use of the XCACLS tool. We need to move or copy 50GB worth of data that is comprised of several thousand directories containing hundreds of thousands of small files from one storage system to another. These systems happen to part of a Windows 2000 Domain and permissions are quite granular in definition. We start the replication of that data using a favorite replication or synchronization tool and walk away for the evening. When we return the next day, everything has copied and all looks well. That is until you try to access the data.
The Data Is Copied, But I Cannot Access It: Permissions Security Problem
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What you did not know, until just now, is that the root directory of the drive that you copied the data to had the wrong permissions assigned to it. In addition, inheritance was configured such that any data that is placed on the drive is over written with the permissions of the root directory. In this case, it was an old account that no longer existed. Believe it or not, that can happen, and system administrators will know what I am talking about. Now you are left with trying to figure out what to do. Do I format the new drive, change the permissions and inheritance on the root directory so they are correct and start all over again? Do I make the changes on the root drive so they have the correct permissions and wait hours upon hours for the permissions to propagate? No, there is another, very fast way of resolving this issue with XCACLS or another tool called SUBINACL.
XCALCS Quickly Resets Permissions On Directories And Files
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Becasue I have limited space in this article, I am going to use XCACLS as the tool to correct this problem. However, in complex permissions structures, you will most likely want to use SUBINACL to fix the issue. I will talk about SUBINACL briefly at the end of the article.
XCACLS as a very fast tool that can set, remove, add, and change permissions on files and directories. For intance, the following command replaces all existing access rights and accounts with that of "dmiller" on the file "file.txt" with read-only access: "xcalcs file.txt /Y /T /G domaindmiller:r". Although that is pretty easy and helpful, what about changing all my directories and files, which I have thousands of, to allow the domaindmiller account to have full access? To do this in a very fast fashion you could execute the following from the root directory of the drive: "for /d %g IN (*.*) DO xcacls "%g" /Y /T /G domaindmiller:f". This will go through every directory, subdirectory, and file and replace the current permissions with dmiller having full access to the object. You'll notice I put "" around the %g in the example. This is not required, but if you have directories that have names with spaces in them you will need to have the "".
What Other Ways Can I Use XCACLS To Change Security Permissions
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To give you a few additional handy examples of how you can use this tool take a look at the follow command prompt methods for replacing, updating and removing accounts and permissions from large numbers of directories and files.
The following command replaces all existing access rights an accounts with that of dmiller with read only access rights:
for /d %g IN (*.*) DO xcacls "%g" /Y /T /G domaindmiller:r
The following command does not replace existing account permissions, instead, it adds the account, in the example the local admin account, with read only permissions:
for /d %g IN (*.*) DO xcacls "%g" /Y /E /T /G administrator:r
The following command removes the account "administrator" permissions from all directories, files, and subdirectories: for /d %g IN (*.*) DO xcacls "%g" /Y /E /T /R administrator
This command should update all the directories and their contents to allow Domain Admins full access:
for /d %g IN (*.*) DO xcacls "%g" /Y /T /G "Domain Admins:f"
I did a test on my XP Pro workstation and was able to change the permissions on approximately 10000 directories and files in less 1 minute. On one of my servers I was able to achieve a 500% increase in speed. It is blazingly fast.
SUBINACL Is More Complex But Man Can It Really Save The Day
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I cannot go into specifics about this tool in this article but I will tell you what it can do. And again, it does it very very fast. Using the same scenario as above, let's say that you had to fix the permissions on thousands of home directories. With SUBINACL, you can actually go to the original directories and files, use the tool to create what is called a "play file", a text file that contains the right account and permissions from the source files, then use that same file to tell SUBINACL to fix the permissions on the target storage system, the one with the screwed up permissions. It's quite the life saver if you ever find yourself in the type of predicament.
Also check out "CACLS". This command is inherent to Windows XP Professional.
Conclusion
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These tools are contained in the Windows 2000 and 2003 server resource tool kit, however several of them also exist native to the Windows XP environment. Check them out if you don't already know about them. Even if you have no use for them right now it may save you hours of hard work and stress in the event of a future permissions problem.
You may reprint or publish this article free of charge as long as the bylines are included.
Original URL (The Web version of the article)
http://www.defendingthenet.com/NewsLetters/XCACLS-SUBINACL-AndOtherPermissionSecurityRecoveryTools.htm
The Drama Of Data Recovery
(category: Data-Recovery, Word count: 642)
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Data loss is often a tragic and traumatic experience for most computer users. It is often due to hard drive failure, accidental formatting, electronic malfunctioning or a product of "natural calamities". This seems to be not much of a problem when there are viable data back-ups that the user creates. However, the problem comes when we tarry on making our back-up files, which is not a rare practice by the way. Yet even for those who prepare back-up files still fail to check on the viability of their back-ups.
In fact, even top-rated organizations are victims of data loss, because it simply happen all the time without choosing its target.
One minute, your files are all there. The next minute they're gone.
Whether yours is a novel that you have been working on for some time now, or some business data that means a lot to your career, it will still be like a great tragedy that will befall you. Now, when all your data are loss, are they truly gone forever? Can't something be done about them?
Off course there is...data recovery!
Data recovery is a huge business, which help computer users recover their data losses, even from a burned out hard drive!
Once a hard drive is sent to a data recovery company, it will be subjected to a diagnosis that will help determine the drive's condition and the status of the data loss. This process of evaluation will allow data recovery engineers to identify the problems and the necessary courses to take.
Logical failures, a type of failure that results from file-system corruption will take some time to rebuild. This is mainly because the solution to the failure would have to be a rebuilding process. However, there are cases that the whole drive would not need a total reconstruction. These occur when the media is not totally wrecked.
If however the failure roots from a physical problem, that may be more of a challenge. The data recovery engineer will have to scan the media and scan the binary code. This then will be rebuilt and transferred to a new hard drive. But users often elect the use of VCD' and CD's.
The process of evaluation typically consumes one day. However, depending on the data recovery company, the actual data recovery process may take some 3 to 5 days. If you want immediate results (like when data recovery is a matter of life and death), there are agencies offering rush works during weekends. But off course with tag prices that are higher than usual.
Data recovery on its premium service commands great prices. Sadly the motto here seem to be- "you get what you paid for". It must be understood that data recovery process is a very intricate one, which requires factors that come with expensive tags. This is probably due to the truth that when something becomes complicated, it already owns the license to obligate consumers to pay higher for the services.
You don't only pay for the services itself but also for the skill of the data recovery engineer. The better the skill, the higher the price. In data recovery industry, one surety to retrieve lost data is to hire talented engineers who can perform at the highest level of standard. However, even that would not suffice. In fact, no one can actually guarantee you of the desired outcome. Experienced data recovery engineers can only provide you with tentative solutions, however so long as data recovery is on its process, there is no assurance that lost data can be recovered in the manner that you so desired.
In here, your only refuge is to seek for a very experienced engineer to accomplish the job and hope with cross fingers that he may produce a job well done.
Backup Data Properly
(category: Data-Recovery, Word count: 603)
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Computer data can be very important to us, especially those of us who make a living on the computer. Over the last several years, the computer has grown on all of us, making our lives so much easier. For that very reason, it's easy to tell that if we lost our computer data, it would completely destroy a majority of us.
Losing data can be an overwhelming thought to say the least. Computers store data, although machines have been known to fail. Even though the computer has become a lot more reliable over the years, it is virtually impossible to prevent computers from losing data.
You don't need to take this lying down through, as you can indeed fight back. The ideal way to ensure that you never lose your precious data, is to back it up and keep backing it up. You should back up your computer data at least once a week, with once per day being the recommended way to do it.
In the past, and even some today, the floppy disc is the main method used to back up computer data. Even though they store a small amount of data, they are easy to access, easy to use, and nearly every computer has one.
Those of you who are looking to take things to the next level should look into backing up your entire hard drive. Backing up your entire hard drive is something that everyone should do, as it is indeed one of the best and most reliable ways to backup your computer.
When you create a backup of your entire hard drive, it will copy all of your information, so if something happens you'll always have your data. Doing a full backup of your hard drive is great, although it can be very time consuming. To make matters worse, it is recommended that you create a backup at least once a week. On the other hand, if what you have on your computer is very important, you'll find it more than worth the effort and time needed to back things up.
Another way you can back up your data, programs, and files, is to burn them directly to a data CD or DVD. This way, you can select which files or folders you want to keep. If you use CD/RW or DVD/RW disks, you can continue to add information to them when you create a backup. If you don't use the RW (re-writable) media, then you won't be able to go back and add more information to the disc.
Burning data directly to discs are the method of backup that most people are using these days, although backing up the entire hard drive is the preferred way of backing up your data. If you plan to use discs, you'll need either a CD or DVD burner, which you can get for a great price these days. The discs are cheap as well, which only makes this method of backing things up that much better.
Whether it's for your business or for personal reasons, you can't go wrong backing up your data. You should always strive to back things up properly, as this will ensure that the data will always be there when you need it. This way, if you computer happens to crash or you lose everything on your hard drive, you'll always have your backup files to go back to. This in itself can save you a lot of time, effort, and quite possibly even money - just for the simple fact that the files are all but a copy away to restore.
Data Recovery What To Do When Your Hard Drive Fails
(category: Data-Recovery, Word count: 694)
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How many times have you experienced that sickening feeling when your hard drive suddenly fails? How many times have you experienced that your hard disk just does not boot and all the data may be gone forever? A hard drive failure is one of the most common problems and worst nightmares faced by computer operators all over the world. Precious data is lost either at home or in big corporate environments. What can be done in these situations? Well, there are certain solutions that can be performed by you in order to revive your hard drive. We will talk about the solution later. First, let us discuss why a hard drive fails.
Whether the data on the hard drive can be recovered or not depends on the extent of the problem. A hard drive can be damaged due to firmware corruption, electronic failure, mechanical failure or a logical failure. Many times your hard drive may lose data due to the combination of the above mentioned factors. A hard drive may also develop bad sectors due to which the data on those sectors is lost or becomes unreadable.
Firmware refers to the information used by the computer to interact correctly with the hard drive. If the firmware fails or becomes corrupted, then important data on the hard drive is lost. In case of an electronic failure there maybe occur an electrical surge that can knock out the controller board on the hard drive and make it unusable. However data can be recovered by data recovery experts who use special data recovery software. Swapping the controller board with another one can prove to be dangerous as the information on the controller board is unique to the hard drive on which it is fitted. In comparison to electronic failure a mechanical failure can turn out to be worst as data recovery can almost become impossible. Mechanical failure includes head crash and also read/write head failure. Head crash can occur due to physical shock, power surges and movement of the computer. Next come the logical errors. Logical errors have nothing to do with the hardware part. Logical errors can occur due to corruption of the file system on the hard drive or improper entries in the file allocation table.
In case of hard drive failure it is vital to call the data recovery experts. In most cases, the information on the hard drive is important and you cannot bear to lose it. The experts enhance the possibilities of hard drive recovery in the case of failure of hard drive due to software malfunction, virus attacks and other reasons mentioned above. Data can be recovered on any type of operating system including all versions of Windows as well as Apple Macintosh, Novell, Linux, Unix and also on all types of file systems like FAT, FAT32, NTFS, NTFS5, HFS, HFS+, NWFS, EXT2 and EXT3. The experts may take the hard drive to their workshop in order to recover the lost data and then return it to you in a few days. Most of the data recovery experts have their own laboratories that are involved in testing the hard drives and repairing them.
Loss of data is the last thing that you as the customer would ever want. This is where the data recovery experts come into the picture. They cannot extract only data from hard drives, but recover data also from tape drives, cds, dvds and other important storage media. You as the consumer can take up some preventive measures like backing up all your important data at least once a week. Windows has its own feature rich backup program. There are other backup software programs available in the market that can avert a possible disaster.
Besides the concern of recovering your data, another problem is the time it may take for an expert to help. This can be a slow and tedious process. I recommend having a second complete computer source such as a laptop (for portability) that you can continue your work. This way you are never completely down and you can share important data between the two.
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